Gaining Muscle, Losing Belly Fat: Vegetarian Edition | Q+A

Gaining Muscle, Losing Belly Fat: Vegetarian Edition | Q+A

Question:

I am a 32 year old male with weight = 150 lb. (approx.) and height = 5′ 5″. I am a regular to LA fitness and go 3 to 4 times per week. I do strength training for 1 hour and 30 to 45 minutes cardio (with incline). I am looking to gain muscle and lose the stubborn fat around my waist. I have been facing trouble with the diet choices I need to make. Note: I referred this post as well, which is helpful. I am a vegetarian and I eat eggs but no meat/seafood/chicken etc. I used to eat rice (white/brown) and vegetables (fried/cooked), and I am taking whey protein as well. What should my diet look like to do this? Please advise. Thanks in advance.

– Manoj

Answer:

If I am understanding you correctly, Manoj, perhaps you think you’re having trouble getting enough protein to build muscle and lose fat? Vegetarians can easily meet protein needs with adequate beans, peas, lentils, nuts, seeds, and good vegetable & grain choices. Plus, you consume milk and egg products, which is a benefit when looking to increase protein.

Look to get at least 2 legume servings per day, 1 egg, 10 grams milk protein, 2 cups cooked vegetables + 1 cup raw, and 6+ grain servings per day. The remainder of your calories can come from fruit and unsaturated fat. To lean out, you’ll also need to limit added sugars, alcohol, and fried foods. Don’t forget to stay well hydrated!

Since you are keeping up to date with the Living Healthy blog, then you’ve probably already seen this recent post but I’ve included it for the rest of our readers.

– Debbie J., MS, RD

This article should not replace any exercise program or restrictions, any dietary supplements or restrictions, or any other medical recommendations from your primary care physician. Before starting any exercise program or diet, make sure it is approved by your doctor.

Some questions have been edited for length and/or clarity.

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Treat Yourself – Healthy Indulgences

Treat Yourself – Healthy Indulgences

Having an appetite is normal, friends. We all want a little permission to eat according to that appetite sometimes, especially when we’ve made changes to our diets. The key is doing so while maintaining progress toward our health and physique goals. Like spending money when on a budget, you may need to make compromises and sacrifices when you want to splurge.

First, let’s understand the ‘budget’ –  your self-imposed diet. It’s okay to make healthy changes such as moderately restricting intake for calorie reduction or cleaning up a diet that is full of processed foods or high in fat. On the other hand, intense restrictions* or abstinence from favorite foods are often followed by gorging/binging when those eating restrictions are lifted. Gluttony and over-indulgence not only mean excessive calories, but may lead to guilt.

Instead of telling yourself that you’re “following” a diet or “cheating” on it, drop both terms, which infer that only 100% compliance is acceptable and create negative thoughts when you can’t adhere to diet requirements. You should feel good about your overall intent, specific diet plan and progress, while anticipating hiccups along the way. Day to day or week to week, we all have natural fluctuations in the amount we eat (and our body weight) that a new diet plan may not be able to override.

So now on to the relaxation part…

Many people successfully attain their goals while incorporating a little freedom to their eating. Balance is the key. One approach is the 80/20 rule, where a very healthy diet is eaten 80 percent of the time so that 20 percent of the time a more relaxed diet can be consumed. In terms of days of the week, that 20% would account for about 1.5 days. Another method used to balance indulgence with restriction is to choose one discretionary food per day — a pre-planned sugary, fatty or alcoholic item. In fact, incorporating a moderate amount of a favorite food may help obese individuals achieve success in the long run, by avoiding some of the aforementioned rebound excessive eating.

Here are some specific suggestions for healthy indulgences:

  • Opt for a single-serving package of chips, fried snacks or cookies.
  • Use measured portion containers, such as a half-cup for ice cream.
  • Allow a daily ounce of dark chocolate, preferably with fruit or nuts, to curb cravings. See our article, CANDY – Why We Crave It & How to Control Those Cravings, if you have a sweet tooth for confections.
  • Dried fruit offers more intense flavor and sweetness than fresh fruit.
  • Adding avocado slices to salads, sandwiches and tacos enriches the healthy fat content with a smooth buttery feel in the mouth.
  • Fried portion of rarely-eaten fish or vegetable to gain those nutrients and variety. Just skip the Ranch dressing, cream sauce or dip served with it.
  • Have half a regular burger or pulled pork sandwich with a side salad or scoop of coleslaw to get your fill.
  • Make your own healthier version of notoriously heavy foods (e.g. potato fries baked in the oven, lasagna with reduced fat cheese and lean beef, brownies made with prune puree).
  • A small dessert the size of a ramekin, shooter glass, or mini muffin should please the palate.
  • Share an appetizer or dessert, as most are meant to be enjoyed.

Tips for maintaining progress while relaxing your diet:

  1. Decide before starting your meal how much to put on your plate, instead of deciding how much to eat off your plate during the meal.
  2. Compensate for extra calories with additional exercise.
  3. Document your weight routinely.
  4. Plan for special occasions such as a holiday meal, as described in our Eat All You Want at Thanksgiving Dinner and Not Gain Weight!? article.

*If you think you may have an unhealthy obsession or preoccupation with your diet or an inflexible or rigid eating behavior which impacts your well-being (physical, social, emotional, financial), you should seek out the assistance of an expert in disordered eating. To find one, call NEDA 1-800-931-2237 (US) or NEDIC 1-866-633-4220 (Canada).

Disclaimer: This blog post should not be construed as medical advice. Do not attempt to change your diet, fitness routine, or any other activity related to your health without first obtaining the advice of a medical professional. 

References:

Mind over platter: pre-meal planning and the control of meal size in humans. JM Brunstrom.

International Journal of Obesity, 2014. 38, S9–S12.

Psychological Consequences of Food Restriction. Janet Polivy. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, June 1996. 96 (6): 589-592.

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Having Trouble With Body Definition? | Q+A

Having Trouble With Body Definition? | Q+A

Question:

When I work out, my body feels pumped and shows definition. On my off days, my body looks flat and undefined. I want my body to show definition all the time, it’s like two different bodies. Please help.

– Joey

Answer:

Your personal experience intrigues us, Joey. We wondered how that could be. Lean and fat mass don’t make rapid shifts, leaving water fluctuations as the possible culprit. The cause of a temporary “cut” look may be the shift of water from outside the cells to inside. Potassium helps to do this, as do carbohydrates.  Big enough changes in carbohydrate consumption can affect muscle glycogen stores. Water is bound with glycogen. So when you’re in a deficit, you lose the plumpness. During a subsequent carbo boost when glycogen and water refill, your muscles may seem to perk up.

It’s not uncommon for eating habits to change on workout days, not to mention any supplements you might be taking on those days, many of which may contain diuretic components like caffeine. For the most consistent physique, I’d recommend a very routine diet with stable sodium intake and to only increase fluids on workout days.

– Debbie J., MS, RD

This article should not replace any exercise program or restrictions, any dietary supplements or restrictions, or any other medical recommendations from your primary care physician. Before starting any exercise program or diet, make sure it is approved by your doctor.

Some questions have been edited for length and/or clarity.

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Have a nutrition question? Our registered dietitian is ready to help!

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When Cutting Carbs Becomes Extreme | Q+A

When Cutting Carbs Becomes Extreme | Q+A

Question:

I have a question regarding cutting carbs. I have attempted to drastically cut carbs and as a result, went through a rough period just not feeling well. I suspect it’s because I went too extreme.  What is the proper way to cut carbs and what is the best way to reduce body fat?

– Gary K.

Answer:

It’s important to maintain your calories when you omit a large portion of your normal diet! Replacing the missing items with equivalent energy from protein and fat sources is key. Often a shift from starches such as bread, pasta and potatoes also means you’re also missing what normally goes on them – butter, jelly, oil, marinara sauce, sour cream, etc.

If you take away 2-3 slices of pizza, for example, and replace it with a couple of roasted chicken breasts, you’re losing hundreds of calories. You could obtain the equivalent calories without the carbs by having the chicken (light and dark meat) with cream sauce or mushroom gravy.

Your brain and nervous system prefer blood sugar as their source of energy. Be sure to consume at least the recommended minimum of carbohydrates to fuel your body properly. The United States Institute of Medicine recommends 130 grams of carbohydrates per day for adults, which is reflected in the 2015 U.S. Dietary Guidelines. (That equates to only 520 calories, typically less than 25% of actual energy consumed.)

– Debbie J., MS, RD

This article should not replace any exercise program or restrictions, any dietary supplements or restrictions, or any other medical recommendations from your primary care physician. Before starting any exercise program or diet, make sure it is approved by your doctor.

Some questions have been edited for length and/or clarity.

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Ask our Dietitian

Have a nutrition question? Our registered dietitian is ready to help!

Email nutrition@lafitness.com or submit your question below and it may be featured in an upcoming article!

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Energy Needs & Caloric Intake | Q+A

Energy Needs & Caloric Intake | Q+A

Question:

I am asking about approximate caloric intake. I am a 5’3″ female and weigh about 150, highly active with workouts (5-6 times per week, 45 minute workouts. Cardio + strength training). I do not think I am currently eating enough, which is hindering my progress. My goal is to lose weight. What is your recommendation according to the information above?

– Amy

Answer:

Your body size and described workouts would predict that your energy needs are in the range of 1800 – 2000 calories per day for weight loss. Remember that what those calories are comprised of is as important as the amount of calories you consume. Be sure that the bulk of what you eat during the day will support your activity and exercise, meaning fuel up earlier and not at night.

Rather than just counting calories, you should consider how to distribute those calories between carbohydrates, fats, and protein. These macronutrients could be the difference between being hungry or satisfied and retaining muscle or losing it as you lose weight. The goal would be to get enough lean protein, complemented with healthy fat, then the remainder as complex carbohydrates. For you, about 75-85 grams protein, 65-75 grams fat, and 210-230 grams carbohydrate should suffice.

Here’s what a sample day might look like for the above nutrient values:

Breakfast – 1 Cup bran cereal, 1/2 Cup low-fat milk, 1 grapefruit and 1 fried egg

Lunch – 4 oz. tuna salad, 4 rye crisp crackers, large dark green salad, 2 Tbsp. of oil-based dressing

Dinner – 1 small skinless chicken breast, 1 Cup of broccoli, 1 Cup of corn, 1 tsp margarine

3 Snacks –

1 large apple with 2 Tbsp. of peanut butter

1 carrot + 1 celery with 2 Tbsp. of hummus

6 oz. plain low-fat yogurt with 1 C berries + 1 Tbsp. crushed almonds

– Debbie J., MS, RD

This article should not replace any exercise program or restrictions, any dietary supplements or restrictions, or any other medical recommendations from your primary care physician. Before starting any exercise program or diet, make sure it is approved by your doctor.

Some questions have been edited for length and/or clarity.

LA Fitness Living Healthy subscribe button

Want more? SUBSCRIBE to receive the latest Living Healthy articles right in your inbox!

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Have a nutrition question? Our registered dietitian is ready to help!

Email nutrition@lafitness.com or submit your question below and it may be featured in an upcoming article!

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